Editorial Comment:

Focus of study

This study was commissioned by the Department for Education and Employment to explore the factors that influence the decisions of individuals from lower socioeconomic groups to participate in higher education. The study was designed to build on previous research that suggests that educational factors, family background and perceptions of costs have the greatest impact on the decision-making process. A total of 223 potential students from 20 schools and colleges took part in focus groups. A further 1600 undergraduates from 14 institutions in England and Wales returned a postal questionnaire and 20 respondents took part in follow up interviews. Finally, 112 individuals from lower social class groups who had decided not participate in higher education were also interviewed over the telephone.

Key Findings

A wide range of factors influence the decision to go to university including: potential career prospects, earnings and job security; the desire for self-improvement; financial concerns; the necessity to work while studying; academic pressures; and gaining the entry requirements.

No single factor affects the decisions taken by students from lower social class groups. However, these students tend to consider a broader raft of issues than their counterparts in higher social class groups.

Students from lower social class groups tend to lack confidence in their abilities and therefore need positive encouragement. Various people have important roles to fulfil in encouraging students to consider higher education including FE college tutors, friends and family members.

Information on higher education is largely regarded as too general and complex. Three quarters of those surveyed did not feel that they had sufficient information on cost. More needs to be done to support students from lower social class families, but particularly in relation to guidance on the financial support available and the cost of studying.

It was noted that mentors or HE Champions should be used to help students who have had no or little contact with those who have recent experience of HE. These mentors could be careers staff.